Karnataka is a diverse state in India with a rich geographical landscape that includes the coastal region, Western Ghats, Deccan Plateau, and fertile plains. Here are some key geographical points about Karnataka:
- Location: Karnataka is located in the southwestern part of India. It shares its borders with Goa, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and Kerala.
- Capital: Bengaluru (Bangalore) is the capital city of Karnataka and is also known as the “Silicon Valley of India” due to its prominence in the IT industry.
- Coastal Region: The state has a 320 km long coastline along the Arabian Sea. The coastal region includes popular tourist destinations like Mangalore and Karwar.
- Western Ghats: The Western Ghats, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, run through the western part of the state. This region is known for its lush forests, biodiversity, and hill stations like Coorg and Chikmagalur.
- Deccan Plateau: The majority of Karnataka lies on the Deccan Plateau, which is characterized by rolling hills and plains. The plateau is ideal for agriculture and has major cities like Bengaluru, Mysuru, and Hubli-Dharwad.
- Rivers: Karnataka is known for its rivers, with the Krishna and Cauvery being the most significant. The Cauvery River basin plays a crucial role in the state’s agricultural activities.
- Forests: Karnataka is home to several wildlife sanctuaries and national parks, such as Bandipur National Park and Nagarhole National Park. It boasts a diverse range of flora and fauna.
- Mineral Resources: The state is rich in mineral resources like iron ore, manganese, and granite. It is a major contributor to India’s mining industry.
- Agriculture: Karnataka is one of the leading agricultural states in India. It produces a variety of crops, including rice, sugarcane, coffee, and silk.
- Languages: The primary languages spoken in Karnataka are Kannada, Tulu, Konkani, and other Dravidian languages.
- Climate: Karnataka has a varied climate, with coastal areas experiencing a tropical climate, the Western Ghats having a cool and wet climate, and the Deccan Plateau having a semi-arid climate.
- Tourism: The state is a popular tourist destination with attractions ranging from historical sites like Hampi to religious centers like Udupi and Sringeri.
These geographical notes provide a basic overview of Karnataka’s diverse geography. For in-depth study, consider referring to textbooks and specific resources on Karnataka’s geography, especially if you are preparing for an exam or need detailed information.
Karnataka is located between 11°30’N and 18°30’N latitudes and 74°E and 78°30’E longitudes. It lies on the Deccan Plateau and is bounded by the Arabian Sea to the west, Goa to the northwest, Maharashtra to the north, Andhra Pradesh and Telangana to the east, Tamil Nadu to the southeast, and Kerala to the southwest. It lies at the angle where the Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats join into the Nilgiri Hills. At 1929 meters (6329 ft) above sea level, Mullayanagiri hill in Chikkamagalur district is the highest point in Karnataka. Geographically, Karnataka can be divided into three major regions.
- Karwali
Karavali is a low-lying coastal region between the Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea. It is about 320 km long and 48–64 km wide. It is also known as Kanara and Coastal Karnataka and consists of three districts namely Dakshina Kannada, Udupiand Uttara Kannada. - Highlands
The Western Ghat region of Karnataka is known as Malenadu. It rises to an average height of 900 meters and is approximately 100 kilometers wide. It rains a lot. It covers Shimoga, Chikmagalur, Hassan, Kodagu and parts of Uttara Kannada and Belgaum. - Plains
The Deccan Plateau region of Karnataka is known as plains. It includes Bangalore, Bagalkote, Bijapur, Chitradurga, Davanagare, Dharwad, Gadag, Hassan, Haveri, Mandya, Mysore, Tumkur, a part of Uttara Kannada. It has a dry climate and the humidity in this region does not exceed 50%. There are 36 major rivers in Karnataka. 10 of them are west-flowing rivers emptying into the Arabian Sea and 26 east-flowing rivers empty into the Bay of Bengal.
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